Thar A Backword Territory

Thar

A Backword Territory

Zahra Khuzema

In my view , Thar is a place composed of traditions, customs, rituals, poverty, illiteracy and moreover the place is fully underdeveloped. But when i was'nt aware of it i thought it would be like a place full of castles and forts, kings and their soldiers, because i did'nt had an idea about what would Thar look like. It was a December morning when i was about to leave for Thar with my college mates, carrying alot of fantacies in mind left for Thar. It was around 12pm when we reached our destination, the time duration between Thar and Hyderabad was around 4 and half hour and the distance is 345 km. Thar is the 18th largest subcontinental desert.

When i stepped out of the bus, my all fantacies were in ruins !, i only saw desert & desert uptill my sight could reach. It was so sweltering that it was hard to say that it was december !. The dry weather and on top of that the scorching beams of sun made me wanted to go back home. As my instructor were originated from Thar so he knew everything about it, he monitored us towards a school, he wanted us to see that how students studies there in vile conditions.

After taking a long distance on foot finally we reached to a shoddy structure, inheriting just two classes, each class comprising a charpai (A cane bedsted) and so called blackboard which actually was'nt a blackboard but a part of the wall painted black. Inadequate strength of students as well as teachers. No bathrooms, proper water supply, electricity, the main assets were defficient. It was an alleged school where students were only taught to read and write their names properly. The inhabitants there were very welcoming, they did their best to satisfy and comfort us, we also had our lunch in that school, ate while sitting on the floor it was an entirely different experience of my life.

After completing our lunch we headed to meet the residents and to see the way of their living. When we touched there, it was not a house but huts where almost 5 to 6 families resided, there were a total of 3 huts, one had a charpai and a rough kind of a blanket to shield them from cold, i was stunned to see that how uncomfortable and bristly that blanket was. The next hut was a kitchen where they had a wooden stove, chakki (wheat grounder), some cooking utensils and a walled fridge that kept things cool, it was made inside the wall by digging it a bit hollow it also had a door to keep the eatables safe. We were amazed to see a fridge working without electricity.

We were surprised to see that how these people survived without the essential needs. It was time to return after capturing some unforgettable snaps, we also had brought some chocolates and toys from Hyderabad for the kids, the kids did'nt know what these things were, they started eating chocolates along with wrappers, and the toys which had a proper way to play they started throwing it at eachother not knowing how they work.

The thing which appealed me the most was the concord and amity in their lifestyle. Apart from the fact that they were illiterate and emblematic kind of people, in urban areas people have got high standards of living but have got no peace !

2013 - Un-edited

Practical work done under supervision of sir Sohail Sangi

Working with Roshni: Best Time of University Life!

Working with Roshni:  Best Time  of  University Life!

Hiba Mumtaz
And the day came, when I entered in 3rd year. I was very excited about the newspaper's work, because it always attracted me to see seniors working in the labs. So i wanted to go in Roshni team and interestingly i was selected as an editor for initial issues of newspaper. We had not reporters for first issue, so we all editors went on reporting which was a great experience for all of us because we did two tasks at the same time. I learned many things throughout the year like proof reading, composing of Urdu, how to make headlines, team work, sense of responsibility and time management.

 I think you all must be thinking that we editors just do work, work and work. No it is not so.. we also do fun together and enjoy with the whole team of Roshni. Even it is the best part of university life to work with in the Roshni team. Roshni helped me in making good P.R and i got many opportunities of attending interesting workshops. The work which i learned from here also helped me in my internship.

 Sometimes we listen harsh words from Sir Sangi and Chairperson but many times they give us appreciation which motivate us to do work hard and better than last time. I remember, when our first issue was published there was a treat from Sir Sangi for all editors.

I know this time will not come again in my life but i am satisfied that i have given my best. I wish good luck to the next Editorial board and 3rd year. Please take good care of our newspaper and labs!!

عبدالرحمن روشنی کی پہلی کرن

   Sehrish Syed  M.A Mass Comm
پروفائیل

عبدالرحمن روشنی کی پہلی کرن

سحرش سیّد

  دنیا میں ہر طرح کے لوگ بنائے ہیں اللہ نے کچھ تو بارہا کوشش کے باوجود کچھ نہیں کر پاتے کچھ نہ سوچے سمجھے بنا کسی پلاننگ کے ہی لوگوں کے لیئے مددگار اور وسیلہ بن جاتے ہیں ۔اسی طرح یہ دنیا کا کارخانہ رواں دواں ہے ہر شخص جو چاہتا ہے نہیں کر پاتا پر انسان کو کبھی ہمت نہیں ہارنی چاہیے۔جب انسان خود کومضبوط بناتا ہے تو راہ کے ہر کانٹے خود ہی چھنٹ جاتے ہیں اور انسان کے زینہ با زینہ خود ہی قدم آگے بڑھتے جاتے ہیں ایک سے دو یا دو سے گیارہ ہوتے جاتے ہیں اگر انسان یہ سوچے کے میں تنہاہوں وہ کچھ نہیں کرسکتا پہلا قدم تو کسی نہ کسی کو اٹھانا پڑتا ہے۔
ہمارے ملک میں ایسے بہت سے مسائل ہیں جن حل تو کیا ان کی طرف دیکھنا بھی ہماری حکومت کے لیئے محال ہے ان ہی میں کچھ ایسی بیماریاں بھی ہیں جن کا کوئی سدِباب نہیں بلکہ مستقبل میں بھی کچھ دریغاں نہیں۔
ہیموفیلیا ایک ایسی بیماری ہے جس میں انسان کے جسم خون کا معادہ جنھیں پلیٹیلیٹس کہتے ہیں وہ انسانی جسم کی ضرورت کے مطابق نہیں بن پاتے۔پلیٹیلیٹس کا کام یہ ہے کہ اگر ہمیں کہیں چوٹ لگ جائے اور کوئی زخم ہو تو وہ ہمارے خون کو بہنے سے روکتے ہیں سوچے اگر وہ نہ ہو توہمارا خون لگاتار بہتا رہے اور پھر تو کوئی معجزہ ہی شاید ہمیں بچا سکے۔
 
کراچی جیسے شہر یعنی رواں دواں اور بھاگتی دوڑتی ذندگی میں ایک نارمل بلکہ کبھی توعام لوگوں سے بھی زیادہ ہمت سے کام لینے والے یہ ادھیڑعمر بلکہ یہ کہا جائے کہ بڑھاپے کی طرف بڑھتے ہوئے’مسٹر عبدالرحمن‘جن کی عمر تقریباً۵۶برس ہے
 
جب انھوں نے دنیا میں قدم رکھا اوران کے دودھ کے دانت گرے تو خون نے تھمنے کا نام ہی نہ لیا ان کے والدین کے لیئے یہ کچھ نئی بات نہ تھی کیونکہ ان سے پہلے بھی ان کے دو چشم وچراغ کو یہ بیماری پہلے ہی موت کے گھاٹ اتار چکی تھی،انسانی ذات مایوس تو ہوتی ہی یقیناانکی بہت سی امیدیں ٹوٹیں ہونگی اور بہت سے اشک رواں ہو ئے ہونگے۔وقت آخر وقت ہے ہر زخم بھر ہی دیتا ہے ان کی ذندگی بھی عام ڈگر پر آ ہی گئی پراس طرح کے مریض کا خاصہ خیا ل رکھنا پڑتا ہے اس ہی ڈر اور خوف میں انھیں مڈل سے زیادہ اسکول نہ بھیجا گیا اور اعلی بلکہ درمیانی تعلیم بھی حاصل نہ کر سکے۔
یہ خود اس بیماری کے شکار تھے اس لیئے جانتے تھے اس کے مسائل اور ان کے حل بھی۔بہت سے لوگوں کوموت کے گھاٹ اترتے دیکھا تھا جن میں ان کے تین بھائی بھی تھے ۔یہ ایک متواسط گھرانے سے تعلق رکھتے تھے گھر کا پہیہ دوکان کے کرائے سے چل رہا تھا لیکن بیماری بھی اللہ نے دی تھی لیئے مایوس نہ ہوئے اورسوچا کے آنے والوں کے لیئے مسائل کم کیے جائے جب انسان ہمت کرتا ہے تو ربِ ذوللجلال ضرور ساتھ دیتا ہے۔
 
جب یہ تیس برس کی عمر تک پہنچے تب فاطمی فاؤنڈیشن نے پاکستانی تاریخ میں پہلی مرتبہ سی پی اور ایف ایف پی اور سی پی شروع کی۔یہ اور بھی مریضوں کے ساتھ وہاں گئے اور ڈاکٹر حنیف ڈاگرہ سے ملے جو پاپولر انٹرنیشنل مینیجر تھے انھوں نے ہی انھیں ڈاکٹر طاہر سلطان شمسی سے ملوایا اور وہاں ہی فیکٹر ایٹ اور نائن اینجیکشن کے بارے میں سنا۔ان ہی دنوں یہ ایک شدید زخم کا شکار ہوئے پر فیکٹر کے استعمال سے جلد افاقہ ہواتب انھوں نے سوچا کے یہ فیکٹر دوسرے مریضوں تک بھی ضرورپہنچنا چاہیے پر اس کی قیمت زیادہ تھی وقتِ ضرورت اسے عام مریض نہیں خرید سکتے تھے حکومت یا کوئی این جی او بھی یہ فیکٹر فراہم نہیں کرتی تھی۔ 

۱۹۹۴ ؁ میں انھوں نے اپنے دوستوں کے ساتھ مل کے ایک نیاِ باب رکھا کراچی بلکہ پاکستان میں پہلی’ہیموفیلیا پیشنٹ ویلفئیر سوسا ئٹی‘قائم کی جوکہ ۱۹۹۵ ؁ میں بقاعدہ رجسٹرڈہوگئی اسی سال پہلا ’ورلڈ ہیموفیلیا ڈے ‘
بھی منایا گیا جس میں حکیم محمد سعید چیف گیسٹ کے طور پر تشریف لائے جس سے ان کی اور ہمت بڑھی۔
 
وہ ڈاکٹر طاہر کے تہہ دل سے شکر گزار ہیں کہ انھوں نے اس کارِ خیر میں ان کی بڑی مدد کی.یہ ایک واحد سوسائٹی ہے جو صرف ہیموفیلیا کے مریضوں کے لیئے ہے.ایچ .پی. ڈبلیو .ایس نے بلامعاوضہ پاکستان کی تاریخ میں پہلی مرتبہ فیکٹر ایٹ اور نائن مریضوں کو فراہم کئے.ورلڈ فیڈریشن آف ہیموفیلیاکینیڈا نے انھیں چار سال کی ممبر شپ بھی دی اور یہ وہاں کے الیکٹیڈ ممبر بھی رہے جس کی ٹرسٹ سے کامیاب سرجریز بھی کی گئی.ڈائیریکٹر لائٹ یو ایس اے میڈم لاری کیلی نے انھیں ’لیڈر آف دا ڈئیر‘اور ان کی آرگنائیزیشن نے ۱۹۹۹ ؁ میں’لیڈر آ ف دا ائیر ‘کے اعزاز دیا۔جب بھی کسی ایمرجنسی کی صورت میں ایڈ کی ضرورت پڑتی ہے تو ہماری فوری مدد کی جاتی ہے ۔
ڈوبتے کو تنکے کے سہارے کی بنا پر آج بھی یہ آرگنائیزیشن رواں دواں ہے جو کہ ہر اس مریض کو فوراًبلامعاوضہ خون فراہم کرتی ہے ساتھ ہی فیکٹر بھی لگایا جاتا ہے۔
 
عبدالرحمن صاحب اس بیماری پر چار کتب بھی لکھ چکے ہیں جس میں بیماری کے بارے میں مکمل معلومات ہے جب انھوں نے یہ سو سائٹی قائم کی تھی یہ پانچ یا چھ ساتھی تھے پر اب تین سو سے زیادہ ممبر ہیں اور سب ہی اس بیماری کا شکار ہیں یہ خود اس ویلفیئر کے فاؤنڈر اور جنرل سیکریٹری ہیں اور ان کا بھانجا بھی اس بیماری کا شکار ہے اوروہ یوتھ کو ڈیل کرتا ہے۔
 
ماشااللہ ان کی عمر ۵۶برس ہے پر وہ کہتے ہیں کہ ہم نے خود کو کبھی تھکا ہوا محسوس نہیں کیا چابیس گھنٹے میں کسی بھی وقت کسی کو ہماری اور ہمارے ادارے کی ضرورت پڑسکتی ہے.جب کسی نوجوان کو موت کے منہ میں جاتے دیکھتے ہیں تو مایوسی کے بجائے ہمت بڑ ھتی ہے کہ جتنا کرتے ہیں اس سے بھی زیادہ کرینگے۔
ان کا اس بیماری سے متاثر مریضوں کیلیئے کہنا ہے کہ ہمت نہ ہاریں خود کو نارمل سمجھے اور سے رابطہ کریں سوسائٹی سے رابطہ کریں جتنا بھی ہم کر سکتے ہیں ضرور کرینگے۔

Sehrish Syed student M.A Previous May, 2012
Department of Mass Communication Sindh University. Writing pieces practical work done under supervision of Sir Sohail Sangi
ہفت روزہ روشنی
ماس کمیونیکیشن ڈپارٹمنٹ، سندھ یونیورسٹی

Process of Roshni

Process of Roshni

 By Ayaz Ahmed Laghari

Trilingual weekly Roshni is laboratory publication of Mass Communication Department, University of Sindh. It publishes news, articles, features, profiles and interviews of students, while all works of the newspaper is done by the students of BS Part-III and M.A (Previous) and practices as journalists work in a newspaper.

It is honour for this department that it is bringing out this weekly regularly and it is the only department in the Pakistan's universities which is doing so regularly. 

The work starts with the inspiring lectures, which are delivered by senior journalist and visiting faculty Sohail Sangi, under his supervision students bring out the newspaper. The students who get admission have zero experience in journalism in that case lectures direct and persuade them to write. Through lectures and presentations students learn how to prepare newspaper and its contents.

 Editorial board, a team of Roshni editors prepare material of the newspaper. Editorial board is divided in Sindhi, Urdu and English sections. Students are selected on  editorial board respectively. The editors edit news, features, articles, interviews and profiles.

 The area of reporting for Weekly Roshni is university so every student of BS Part-III is allotted a department as beat and student has to act as reporters and collect atleast one news from collected from the beat. As number of students is high so  adjoining  universities are also taken as beat. The Roshni also covers news of other universities of the province, some times educational and social issues also find space in the columns of this laboratory publication.. Students visit their respective beat, gather news  and hand them over to the coordinator, a student who manages all the working of newspaper. After checking the facts the coordinator pass on these beat report to the editors. 

This practical work carries marks, therefore all students participate in this exciting work of journalism and chase the time. Like beat reports, writing piece, and editing also carries marks.

       For guidance and help to these cubs in the journalism, as Sohail Sangi named students included in the editorial board, experienced staff is available in the print media lab. Publication officer Noor Mohammad Samejo, Fida Hussain Gaho, photo lab technician, Anjum Ara Laghari, media news lab incharge, Waheed Rahi, sub-editor, and Fareed Jamali, paster perform their duties to bring out weekly newspaper. Later, all horses become the tigers of professional journalism.

 After editing, then Madam Farheen reviews the pages and finally Chairperson Prof Dr Rizwana Chang approves it for publication. All editors gather in the lab and Fareed Jamali help the students in pasting and tell about pasting and layout. Next day of the pasting copies of published newspaper are brought at the department. Editors gather and put pages in sequence for distribution. 
The last stage of the process is distribution and the copies are sent to different departments of the university and some copies are posted to other universities also. 
batch MC-2k10
This practical work was carried out under the supervision of Sir Sohail Sangi

The days I save

The days I save

By Maham Jabeen                                                              

University is going to open tomorrow on 27^th of February, the thunder of excitement wake me up whole night. It's the best semester among our whole graduation time period. This is the time, when I enter in the practical world of "Media" and this sounds Wow to me.  Lots of Enthusiasm flows in my veins. As I already performed internship at well-known news agency last July where I got to know about news writing and now this is going to be same.
And the very next day I found my friends as thrilled as I am and we all are selected as editors for opening several editions of Roshni newspaper. We have two well-equipped computer labs for English, Urdu and Sindhi sections which provides professional environment. However, it's going to be most memorable and astonishing experience for all of us.

We as first editors has to work hard for the first edition as this is all new and glittering but tough and responsible work at the same time.

It is hard to express about our learning throughout this whole time.

Team-work, importance of coordination, sense of responsibility, and importance of time are the key learning to me.

Experience is expensive in this field. `I know' is not the word here. We always learn something new in this field every day as the working in odd situations; boycott doesn't matter to our work and many other tough times.

For me it is slightly different from previous experience at news agency but internship experience remains privilege to one during this entire time.

All memories our precious but Specially, the day when we were not received news from our beat reporters due to semester preparation holidays and we have to publish the issue as there is no holiday of newspaper; me and my colleague first time went to criminology department and spent almost hours with the faculty members who helped us a lot and not only gave us news but briefly explain about the law and order situation in university, I may never know much before this. This day I realized that this is not just a work but informative work. If you work keenly then you'll be rich with knowledge as well which is the key ingredient for any media person at initial or extreme stage of this field. And many other such sorts of incident happened in this whole fantasy year which are unforgettable and will be useful in our future.

This is the life time experience for all of us which we will never forget!
Batch MC-2k10
This practical work was carried out under the supervision of Sir Sohail Sangi

A House of mind enrichment

A House of mind enrichment

By Aneel Ahmed Memon

I used to wonder that is their any place in interior Sindh where I can see students totally lost in books? This curiosity leaded me to discover such place in Sindh. Finally, I found a library where a large number of students, with a disciplinary atmosphere, were enriching their minds with knowledge. The historical city of Larkana is famous for its literature, culture and tradition. The educational institutions of city have produced many scholars, scientists and analysts who have proved themselves in different walks of life.

Library provides an easy access of materials to the readers so that they can be aware of books and matter available. As for Larkana, Sir Shah Nawaz Bhutto library is catering the need of thousands of knowledge seekers and is giving them well disciplined atmosphere for self study. This Library was established in 1976 and was inaugurated by deputy commissioner Muhammad Hashim Memon.

There was no book available in library. The main cause of this was the dictatorship and this building was under the control of army.

Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Shaheed, first time visited library in 1994 during her regime and provided books, furniture and other required materials for visitors so they might rise by enhancing their mental capabilities through treasures hidden in books. Today, more than 800 students regularly attend library to achieve their ambitions and goals in this era of competition.

Sir Shah Nawaz Bhutto library has a reference hall having more than 500 seats. In addition, it has CSS, PCS halls, children and ladies sections, periodical section, newspaper hall, auditorium and computer section equipped with internet facility, having more than 100 computers.

There are more than 8000 books of different subjects available in the library which fulfills the needs of readers. These books include literature, history, general knowledge and world encyclopedias. 17 different newspapers in different languages are provided to readers in newspaper section regularly.

Sir Shah Nawaz Bhutto library has witnessed some changes in the infrastructure to facilitate the students of Larkana.

This practical work was carried out under the supervision of Sir Sohail Sangi

PATH TO CONSTRUCTION OR DESTRUCTION

PATH TO CONSTRUCTION OR DESTRUCTION
By Sabahat us Saba     EDITED by HINA HAMEED

Science has shown many miracles in every field of life, whether it is chemical, medicinal, agricultural or nuclear field. This has constructive as well as destructive impact on life. We owe a lot to science, all the convenience and comforts.

Upcoming advancement in science is Lithium as a fuel, to meet the need of energy. Lithium becoming the fuel of future, everything from your electric car to kids toy car, lithium batteries are being used to store energy. These miracle devices offer a low weight ratio (they can store more electricity in relation to their weight). It posses dual qualities> Firstly, lithium batteries are disposable and secondly, lithium cells are rechargeable. Lithium technology has become the centerpiece of most mainstream electric vehicles. But it is probably highly flammable hydrogen because it reacts with water to form lithium hydroxide.

Many latest researches are made in the medicinal field: An Australian scientist said: Kangaroos may provide key to a potential treatment to prevent cancer. Scientists of University of Innsbruck in Austria are investigating that sun damaged human DNA can be repaired with kangaroo’s model as they have special repair enzyme which human's lack. Some other resolution is treatment of Alzheimer’s disease with vitamin E. vitamin E may slow the progression of Alzheimer’s disease symptoms among patients, scientist said "we found no significant increase in mortality with vitamin E it decreases from 9.4 to 7.3%”.

Science triumphs are not limited to medicinal field, it has effects on agricultural field just like “steam power” and “plant cloning”. A cloned plant can yield a thousand new plants from one parent plant, This can accomplish global demand for food for at least coming 40 years. Farmers can produce more crops from less seeds.

Apart from constructive inventions some destructive inventions are also miserable face of science, terrifying weapons of mass destruction has raised numerous ethical questions and is a constant threat to humanity with the danger that it may never stop, and act as our own enemy. Some device designed for the safety, but releases radiations at a level dangerous to human life without a nuclear explosion. It deliberates contamination of food and water. Bombs are made to blast million of people.

In spite of much devastation from it, science is widely and deeply rooted in our daily life routine. Our life seems to be incomplete without Science and Technology as aeroplanes, satellites, computers, mobile phones etc which show that technology dramatically spins around our lives.

Batch MC-2k12
Practical work at Mass Comm Department University of Sindh, done under supervision of Sir Sohail Sangi

Interview of Dr Ghulam Murtza Dahri by Huma Qureshi

TIME TO THINK FOR FUTURE: DR GHULAM MURTAZA DAHRI
BY HUMA QURESHI Batch MC2k-12
EDITED BY FAIZA OTHO 

Dr Ghulam Murtaza Dahri is a person of dynamic and revolutionary spirit was born on July 30th, 1988 at Moro. He did MBBS from Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences Jamshoro in 2006. Dr. Dahri topped in Sindh Public Service Commission exam for selection of doctors. Now he is a medical officer  in CCU Naushahro Feroz.
Q: Why did you choose medical field as a profession?
Ans: Purpose of my choice primarily was to acquire knowledge which would serve my nation secondarily it has a bright future ahead; in the last it gives a feeling of satisfaction as I feel.
Q: What is your opinion about the scope of medical field?
Ans: Health system is the most important pillar of any country's development. Scope of medical field is evergreen and it has the most dramatic impact on country, a medical professional himself can be the icon of community.
Q: Why people give more preference to Allopathic instead of homeopathic?
Ans: Allopathic medicine is comparatively more advanced and sophisticated; medicines are properly scrutinized pharmacological giving better relief to the patients.
Q: What should be done to provide better healthcare facilities throughout the country? Ans: Provision of health facilities is the basic human right, medicines should be given free of cost to the patients and health system should be upgraded with the implementation of laws because a secure environment can give a better platform for both medical and paramedical staff.
Q: What are the reasons of spreading of diseases in Pakistan?
Ans: Disease spread is usually related to the communicable diseases. Pakistan suffers from the problems of sanitation, water pollution, use of unsterilized instruments these issues once if get resolved would solve the problem of disease spread.
Q: Who is your ideal person and what inspiration do you get from him?
Ans: My father is my ideal personality; whatever I am today is because of him. His encouragement and close monitoring on what I am doing and how much I have to studied and what is left for, I wish if I would be father I will be like him.
Q: What is the memorable event of your life?
Ans: When Sindh Public Service Commission announced final result and I secured 1st position in the province in the exam.
Q: What message you want to convey to the youth of Pakistan?
Ans: We Pakistanis have been gifted with the charms of nature; my dear youth this is time to think for future and to make it more beautiful, work hard in every field and be determined with your aims and objectives.

PRACTICAL WORK of BS Part-III done under supervision of Sir Sohail Sangi

Jacobabad Tower

سنڌ جي ھيٺين علائقي ۾ موجود ھن گهنٽا گهر کي تاريخي اهميت حاصل آهي. انگريزن جي دور ۾ ٺهيل ھن عمارت کي تاريخ جا 163 سال گذري چڪا آھن، پوءِ به ھي عمارت ساڳيءَ جڳھ تي موجود آھي ۽ِ ھن جي حيثيت به ھڪ الڳ نموني سان ضروري آھي ڇو ته دنيا ۾ تارِيخي جاين يا ماڳن جو ھئڻ ئي ان لاءِ آھي ته نئين دور جي نسل انھن آثار قديمن کي ڏسي ڪجھ سکي ۽ حاصل ڪري سگھن، جھڙي طرح پوري دنيا ۾ ھزارين اھڙا ماڳ مثال آھن جن کي تاريخ ۾تمام بھترين طريقي سان ورجايو وڃي ٿو ۽ اھڙن حيرت انگيز ماڳن کي ڏسي انساني دماغ دنگ رھجي وڃن ٿا ته ڪنھن وقت کان ھنن جو به ھن تيز ترين ھلندڙ دنيا سان ڪو لاڳاپو اھڙي طرح سان جڙي ويندو جو ھلندڙ دور انهن کي تاريخن ۾ ورجايو ويندو ته سوين سال پھرين ھت ھي ھوندو ھو ۽ ان وقت ۾شايد ئي اسان موجود نه ھونداسين پر اسان کان پوءِ اسان ڳنڊيل ھر ھڪ شيءِ تاريخن جا ورڪ بڻجي ويندي جھڙي طرح اسان گذريل تاريخن کي ڏسي پڙھون ۽سمجھون ٿا.

ھن عمارت جو سنگ بنياد رکندڙ برگيڊيئر جنرل جان جيڪب ھو جنھن جي پيدائش 11 جنوري 1812ع ۾ ولا ونگٽن جي ملڪ سمرسٽ انگلينڊ ۾ ٿي، ھن پنھنجي ابتدائي تعليم پنھجي والد کان پرائي، پوءِ ھن ڪميشن پاس ڪري 1828ع ۾ انگلينڊ کان نڪتا ۽ ٻيھر واپس ڪڏھن به انگلينڊ نه وڃي سگھيو، ھن انڊيا کان ھلي اچي پاڪستان جي سنڌ جي علائقي جي ڳوٺ خان ڳڙھ ۾ پھتا ۽ اتي پنھنجو ٺڪاڻو اڏايائون ۽ ان کان پوءِ ھتي جنرل جان جيڪب جي اچڻ کان پوءِ ئي خان ڳڙھ جو نالو جيڪب آباد پيو ۽ اتي ھنن گھنٽا گھر جو بنياد رکيو ۽ سندن نالو ”وڪٽوريا ٽاور“ رکيائون جيڪو ھنن راڻي وڪٽوريا جي ياد ۾ اڏرايو. ھي ٽاور پوري شھر جي وچ تي اڏيل آھي جنھن کي شھر جي دل ڪري به سڏيو وڃي ٿو. ھن کي ٺاھڻ ۾ سيمينٽ جي جڳھ تي چوني ۽ مٽي جو استعمال ڪيو ويو جنھن جي سبب ھي عمارت تمام مضبوط آھي. ڪيترائي سال گذرڻ باوجود ھي عمارت اڄ به شھر جي وچ ۾ مضبوطي سان اڏيل آھي.

ھن وقت ان موجود تاريخي ماڳ جي اھڙي حالت آھي جو ان کي ڪو ماڻھو ڏسڻ به پسند ڪونه ٿو ڪري ڇاڪاڻ ته ھاڻ ان ٽاور جي چؤطرف سبزي مارڪيٽ ۽ فروٽ مارڪيٽ اڏجي وئي آھي ۽ جنهن جي ڪري اُتي سبزي ۽ فروٽ جو تمام گھڻو گند ڪچرو جمع ٿئي ٿو، صبح جي وقت ٻھراڙي جي ماڻھن جي تمام گھڻي رش ٿئي ٿي، ان جاءِ تي پير رکڻ جي جاءِ به ڪونه ٿي ملي، جڏھن صبح جو وقت ٿئي ٿو ته آس پاس جا ٻروچ اچي جمع ٿين ٿا ۽ سڄو ڏينھن اتي انھن جي رش ٿئي ٿي ڇاڪاڻ ته ٽاور جي ڀرسان ھڪ ڍڪيل بازار به ٺھيل آھي جتي اڪثر ڪري بلوچ خريداري ڪندي گهڻو نظر ايندا آهن. ان بازار ۾ انھن جي ضرورت جي ھرشيءِ موجود ھجي ٿي تنھن ڪري ٽاور جي چوڌاري تمام گهڻو ميلو متل رهي ٿو ۽ مٿان وري گڏھ گاڏن جي سواري پوءِ پورو شھر پيو اُٻري ماڻھو ھڪڙا اچن ٿا ته ٻيا وڃن ٿا، سبزي ۽ فروٽ جي گندگي سبب شھر جا رولاڪ جانور به اچن ٿا اتي خراب فروٽ کائڻ لاء جيڪو فالتو ڪري اڇلايو وڃي ٿو.

ان ڪري ھاڻ اھو گھنٽا گھر وڪٽوريا ٽاور نه پر گڏھن جي پڙي ۽سبزي منڊي جي شڪل ۾ تبديل ٿي ويئي آھي ان عظيم الشِان پراڻي ۽ قديم ماڳ جي چڱي طرح سنڀال نه پئي ڪئي وڃي، ٿي سگھي ٿو ته اڳتي ھلي اسان کي ھن تاريخي ماڳ کان ھٿ ڌوئڻو پوي ڇو ته جنهن شيءِ جي مالڪي يا وارثي نه هوندي آهي. اها بيڪار ٿي پوندي آهي پوءِ اها ڊھڻ ۽ ڪِرڻ شروع تي ويندي آھي ۽ ڪافي پراڻين ماڳن جيان اتي ختم ٿي ويندي آھي جئين اُتي ڪجھ به موجود نه ھو.

اھڙي طرح سنڌ جي حڪومت کي پنهنجي سنڌ جي مختلف شھرن ۾ اڏيل قديم آثارن ۽ جڳھن جي چڱي طرح خيال رکڻ گھرجي ۽ انھن کي ايندڙ نسلن لاءِ ھڪ مثال طور بچايو وڃي ته جيئن نئين نسل پنھنجي پراڻي ۽ قديم زماني جي ريتن رسمن ۽ رھائش کان چڱي طرح واقف ٿئي. ۽ ڪجھ سبق حاصل ڪري سگهي.*

This practical work was carried out under the supervision of Sir Sohail Sangi.
Also visit www.weeklyroshni.com
S.Ahsan

Education system in Sindh

Education system in Sindh

By Kaleemullah Kalhoro

In today's world, education is not what it is supposed to be. I think that we should first look over the main aim of education before giving any statement on this topic. As I take it, the education is meant to serve many purposes. It should enable the student to look the world in a different perspective than just living in it.

Education is preparing a person to face everyday life problems. It changes our personality and way of talking and education helps us to live in this world and to understand it. This is only education which enables you to give your opinion. Think, if u didn't go to school, could you criticize your education system? I think that life without education is a waste in today's world.

If you notice, half of what we learn in school isn't needed at all. The education system in Sindh puts more emphasis on the theoretical knowledge than the practical. A student from the very beginning of education is forced to copy up the things rather than to understand the thoughts.

Our education system has been under the curse of cramming where memorizing has more importance than understanding. In the higher studies as we know the condition is the same. Instead of acquiring school education, they are simply learning cramming by copying the answers and writing the same in their exams.

Today all the educated, moneymaking parents want to give their child best education for that they go to popular schools but they never check teacher who gives education. We believe that modern education system is very efficient. A child is sent to school only at the age of four where his teachers give him moral education. Moral education is all about making a human being understand what type of education is best for him and for the society.

Higher education in Sindh is broke, where students are given importance on neither theories nor practical education, so they lack the actual knowledge. Today we give more importance on theoretical education than practical. We simply memorize the text we are provided and copy that as it is in the examinations just to gain marks.

Presently we are loosing our education quality level because of some reasons; I personally feel that the money-makers (private schools) are the vital reason to loose our quality of education because they provide education only affordable for the rich, but not to our poor people. In Sindh there is a lot of number of unregistered private schools which only made for money-making. There are approximately 1543 unregistered private schools operating in Sindh.

According to Senior Minister for Education Pir Mazharul Haq that 9,122 registered and 1,543 unregistered private schools are operating in Sindh province. there are 5,359 registered and 563 unregistered schools in Karachi; 878 registered and 336 unregistered in Hyderabad; 222 registered and 25 unregistered in Sukkur; 307 registered and 56 unregistered in Mirpurkhas; 441 registered and 65 unregistered in Khairpur; 140 registered and 67 unregistered in Larkana; 217 registered and 35 unregistered in Benazirabad (Nawabshah); 192 registered and 62 unregistered in Ghotki; 128 registered and 31 unregistered in Jamshoro; 131 registered and 24 unregistered in N. Feroze; 107 registered and 34 unregistered in Dadu; 132 registered and 27 unregistered in Badin; 201 registered and 32 unregistered in Sanghar; 94 registered and 15 unregistered in Thatta; 39 registered and eight unregistered in Matiari; 42 registered and seven unregistered in Tando Muhammad Khan; 79 registered and 16 unregistered in Tando Allahyar; 79 registered and 44 unregistered in Umerkot; 79 registered and 16 unregistered in Mithi; 60 registered and 10 unregistered in Kambar, Shahdadkot; 63 registered and 30 unregistered in Shikarpur; 67 registered and nine unregistered in Jacobabad; 65 registered and 31 unregistered in Kashmore, Kandhkot.

The system has to be changed according to the age groups of students. The primary students are given very much burden in many schools. The education should give them the proper course structure which should be a must in all schools. This has to change right from primary education to graduation levels.
The system of examinations has to be changed by all admissions given by money power so poor who have good marks did not get admission in their choice of study. Education is the most fundamental factor of one's social and economic success in life. Learning in school makes us to know how to interact with different people of society. This not only helps in our career growth.
Government should support those people who are talented, and government should support them working for the society. Our government should adopt the learning techniques which are useful for the children in this competitive world, government must work on those things before it gets too late.

This practical work was carried out under the supervision of Sir Sohail Sangi.
Also visit weeklyroshni.com

S.Ahsan

A Man of Unparalleled Intellect, Mohammad Ismail Malik

Profile:
A Man of Unparalleled Intellect, Mohammad Ismail Malik

By Khalid Moazam Shah

The creative is the place where no one else has ever been. You have to leave the city of your comfort and go into the wilderness of your intuition. What you will discover will be wonderful. What you will discover is yourself.

The almighty Allah has created man with many abilities. Everyone contributes according to his talents, efficiencies, capabilities and achieves goals.

Some proved their identity as scientists while some as engineers, doctors, lawyers, educationists, journalists and writers.

Mohammad Ismail Malik is a writer and journalist. He is famous through his literary name Zahid Malik. He was born on 22 September, 1961 in a small village Faiz Malik of district Dadu. He received his primary education from his village, matriculation from High School of Dadu and did intermediate from Government Degree College Dadu. After that he did M.A in Journalism from Sindh University Jamshoro.

Being a writer he commenced his career by writing children stories from 1973 but these stories were published in 1978. He also did poetry to some extent till 1985 and wrote about 200 verses of poetry.

The most dignified thing for him in poetry was that he had been guided by Ustad Allah Nawaz and encouraged by distinguished poet of Sindh, Ustad Bukhari. He didn't limit himself to literary activities but also participated in many cultural programs. This is evident from his dramas when he started his career as actor and dramatist from Radio Pakistan Khairpur and produced more than 10 dramas, highly liked by people.

His first stage drama was “Waido”. He proved himself as a best actor of stage drama and won award and a certificate from Sindhi Express Forum. His best stage dramas included Waido, Piyar jee Manzil, Tree te Behisht, Begum Ho Jamalo and more.

He also got popularity from his weekly feature written on children since 1988. He is connected with Radio Pakistan Hyderabad where he recorded many dramas.

Being a multi dimensional personality, he also entered in the field of journalism. He worked in daily Khadim-e-Watan as sub editor in 1990. He proved himself by achieving award and a certificate from a social organization Peoples Log.

Six hundred articles and columns have been published in different magazines as yet, in addition to all these things he has written some books namely Role of Dadu in M.R.D movement, Sindhi Knowledge and proverbs newspapers.

Currently Mohammad Ismail Malik is working in Daily Sham. His message for youth is “work hard with commitment because if you do so, there would be no difficulty to obstacle your destination”. -

Roshni Issue No 11,

This practical work was carried out under the supervision of Sir Sohail Sangi. Also visit www.weeklyroshni.com

PILER envisions a just and equitable society: Zulfiqar Ali Shah

PILER envisions a just and equitable society: Zulfiqar Ali Shah

By Shahzad Ali Shah

Zulfiqar Ali Shah, born on 20th July, 1969 at village Wanjheri Sharif, Matiari. He is currently working as Joint Director with Pakistan Institute of Labor Education and Research (PILER).

“Long behind Schedule” is his latest research report (2007) which highlighted the plight of scheduled caste Hindus in Pakistan.

Prior to joining PILER in 2005, Mr Shah worked with The News International, a leading English daily of Pakistan.

In January 2005, he was awarded “Loenzo Natali Prize” by European Commission for writing on human rights and democracy.

Mr Shah holds a Masters degree in International Relations. He is a researcher and activist.

Q: NGOs claim to root out social evils, how do you view it?

A: NGOs are playing very important role in highlighting the issues which used to be hidden, particularly issues related to human rights violations. Different sections of the society should come forward and work together.

Q: What is difference in education system of Sindh and Punjab?

A: I don't think that there is big difference in education systems in Punjab and Sindh. Generally situation in Pakistan is bad and it get worse in rural Pakistan be it Punjab or Sindh. Other issue is that education has become a commodity so those who can afford can buy it and those who can't are let behind. If you evaluate then you will see that 50% of Pakistan's population is illiterate even in this 21st century. Poor people are more illiterate than well off.

Q: What's your NGO doing?

A: Pakistan Institute of Labour Education and Research (PILER), established in 1982, is a not-for-profit, non-government, citizen sector organization engaged in research, training and advocacy in the areas of labor rights and labor legislation, social justice and human development, and regional solidarity and peace.

PILER envisions a just and equitable society where fundamental rights of people are respected, ensured and guaranteed. In line with achieving its mission, PILER aims to promote a democratic and effective labor movement enabling people to exercise their core rights. We focus on strengthening people's organizations at the workplace and in their communities in their struggles to push market, society and state towards the economic justice of realizing secure and prosperous livelihoods.

Q: How do you see media role in development?

A: Media has very important role in development. It can influence the policy makers for a development which is sustainable and pro people. It can also play a role of watchdog and monitor the progress and performance.

Q: What is difference between media and NGO?

A: Media is a medium where as NGOs are non governmental organizations. Many NGOs depend on media for the implementation of their agenda. This way there is close relation between two but no comparison can be made. Both have different role to play. I think there is need for more cooperation and liaison between NGOs and media so that they can take up some joint initiatives for the uplift of common people.
Weekly Roshni -- Also visit www.weeklyroshni.com

A House of mind enrichment

A House of mind enrichment

By Aneel Ahmed Memon

I used to wonder that is their any place in interior Sindh where I can see students totally lost in books? This curiosity leaded me to discover such place in Sindh. Finally, I found a library where a large number of students, with a disciplinary atmosphere, were enriching their minds with knowledge. The historical city of Larkana is famous for its literature, culture and tradition. The educational institutions of city have produced many scholars, scientists and analysts who have proved themselves in different walks of life.

Library provides an easy access of materials to the readers so that they can be aware of books and matter available. As for Larkana, Sir Shah Nawaz Bhutto library is catering the need of thousands of knowledge seekers and is giving them well disciplined atmosphere for self study. This Library was established in 1976 and was inaugurated by deputy commissioner Muhammad Hashim Memon.

There was no book available in library. The main cause of this was the dictatorship and this building was under the control of army.

Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Shaheed, first time visited library in 1994 during her regime and provided books, furniture and other required materials for visitors so they might rise by enhancing their mental capabilities through treasures hidden in books. Today, more than 800 students regularly attend library to achieve their ambitions and goals in this era of competition.

Sir Shah Nawaz Bhutto library has a reference hall having more than 500 seats. In addition, it has CSS, PCS halls, children and ladies sections, periodical section, newspaper hall, auditorium and computer section equipped with internet facility, having more than 100 computers.

There are more than 8000 books of different subjects available in the library which fulfills the needs of readers. These books include literature, history, general knowledge and world encyclopedias. 17 different newspapers in different languages are provided to readers in newspaper section regularly.

Sir Shah Nawaz Bhutto library has witnessed some changes in the infrastructure to facilitate the students of Larkana.

The Ajrak Industry of Matiari

The Ajrak Industry of Matiari

By Maria Memon

The Matiari district is mainly famous for its "Ajrak" industry. The industry was established here since last four to five centuries ago. There are six factories “Ajrak Kaarkhaana” in Matiari, where varieties of Ajrak like Teli, Vall, Sabuni, Kori etc are printed.

The Ajrak, a textile with dominant shades of rich crimson and deep indigo is a name derived from “Azrak”, which means blue in Arabic and Persian.

People wore printed clothes even in prehistoric times. The blocks used for printing Ajrak are of different styles, size and shapes.

These blocks are carved out from wood of Babur, Keekar and Talhi (Sheesham). Different tools are used for making the designed blocks out of that ordinary wood. It normally takes the block-maker a week to carve a complete set. A set usually comprises of seven blocks. Asl, Kut, Phulli, Kharrh, Meena. Two blocks each of Kharrh and Meena are carved so that two artisans can print simultaneously.

As Ajrak block carving is a highly specialized craft, there are very few Ajrak “poregars” left in Sindh.

The fabric used for Ajrak is always cotton which is base material whether hirak, baftah or lattha (types of cotton fabric). 10 meter length of fabric is torn in two pieces of five meters, which is later sewed up together.

After tearing up the fabric, next step is to wash the cloth in lake or canal. As the fabric is woven in mills, removal of impurities is necessary without which the dyes would be improperly absorbed.

Then the fabric is soaked in a mixture of Carbonate of Soda and water, then it's squeezed and spread on the ground to let dry.

The dried cloth is then steamed which is called “Khumbh (Steaming of fabric)”. The Khumbh is usually fired in evening and continues for eight hours. The Khumbh is kept aflame until next evening till each and every fabric gets steamed, then it's taken for washing. After washing fabric is dried on a grassy, lime free ground in the sun and then brought back to workshop.

When fabric is soaked in three different mixtures it is ready for printing (Chappai).

First step in printing is “Kiryana Printing” or simply White Outline Printing. In this method the borders are printed first and then the centre portion. It is like and outline of design,then coming printings are like, filling of this method.

Next step is KUTT printing or the Printing of Black Areas. Fabric printed with Kiryana is now printed with .

Kutt Phulli Printing: The fabric printed with Kiryana and kutt is now printed double with Kiryana mixture in the area of phulli (floral stars) to ensure that when dipping in indigo dye, the areas would remain protected and unaffected by the dye.

Kharrh Printing: Having gone through the stages of white and black printing, the dried fabric is received by the printer to print the Red Areas. The fabric is lightly dusted and when complete, is hung out to dry in the sun for few hours. The resist is applied over the entire surface which is to be protected against indigo. The Kiryana, kutt and phulli are printed over again therefore.

Kunn Process (First Indigo Dyeing). The kunn (dyeing vat) is earthenware, approximately 1.5m deep and sunk in ground. Pieces of fabric are dyed in pairs. When all the lengths are dyed and dried in the sun then, folded and rolled into a large bundle.

Vichharrh is a process of washing the dyed, dried fabric in a river or canal.

Then cloth is dyed red, which is called Rangan Jo Marhalo.

Mananh Process (Gissi Treatment). A pair of Ajraks are soaked in the copper van containing liquid gissi (camel dung) taken out, wrung and kept on the ground.

Tapai process: Ajraks are washed again in carbonate of soda to remove gissi.

Meena Process, by printing the meena resists mixture all areas in the Ajrak are covered except those that have been dyed indigo in the first stage of dyeing.

Meena Jo kunn (indigo dyeing), Folded ajraks are immersed into prepared kunn in which dye has been mixed. They are not squeezed but lifted and spread on the ground to dry completely.

Washing and finishing: Ajraks are taken to a river and spread on water surface to sink in gradually and soak for a few hour. This removes the gum and metoori mixture from fabric.

In last comes the bleaching treatment, in which ajraks are soaked into bleaching solution, wrung well and kept on the ground.

The complicated process of Ajrak making differs from centre to centre and craftsman to craftsman. The experts called “Usto” vary the proportions of the ingredients used and the duration of time required for a certain stage of the process, according to weather changes, fabric structure and availability of raw materials.

Almost all types of Ajrak go through these processes of making, but in some Ajrak styles like Kori Ajrak, Do rangi Ajrak and Sabuni Ajrak some of these processes are eliminated because they have adopted new processes or sometimes they skip some steps, which results in a low quality Ajrak.

Workers in factories works on daily bases, they get a 250/= pay each day. Owners of these factories get a 10 to 20% profit on each Ajrak when sold to a shop in market. 


This practical work was carried out under supervision of Sir Sohail Sangi

younger generations to perform their due role in strengthening friendship between Pakistan and China

Feb 22: Noted analyst and foreign policy expert, Major-General (Rtd) Jamshed Ayaz Khan has said that Pakistan is lucky to have best friends like China and urged the younger generations to perform their due role in strengthening friendship between Pakistan and China.

He was delivering a lecture on “The rise of China and its regional security and strategic implications” organized by the Area Study Centre Far East and South East Asia, University of Sindh on Monday.

He said that the people of china are very sincere, close friends and love the people of Pakistan and added that China’s economic growth can not be ignored in the historical perspective.

He said that today in most countries of the world, the products of China are available and it has developed its markets slowly and gradually. He said that history of power politics in Asia during the past quarter of a century is a tale of the decline of two powers i.e. Russia and Japan, the gradual rise of third (China) and the resurgence of a fourth USA.

He said that china’s rise was an important feature of world politics in the late 20th century and added that China is apprehensive about the predominance of US and would prefer a multipolar world.

The expert said that China’s growing confidence in its capability of shaping the environment will have profound affect on China’s diplomatic conduct in the coming years and added that a more self confident China will be more responsible with its growing strength.
He said that China does not pose a global threat despite its growing might. He said that China has maintained cordial relationship with all ASEAN countries.

He said that ASEAN Countries and China have greatly minimized the danger of a conflict while China’s recent mediation during the squabble between Thailand and Cambodia underscored ASEAN Countries mutual confidence in China.

Dr. Rafia Ahmed Shaikh Pro Vice Chancellor of the University who presided over the event said that China throughout most of its history has been a peace loving nation which has not exhibited aggressive designs towards other nations.

She said that fall of the Soviet Union ushered in a new era of unipolar world dominated by the United States. She said that this has led to an imbalance in world relationships and has placed an unusually heavy burden on the shoulders of US to play world policeman.

She said that it is just not possible for any one country, no matter how powerful, to always control and maintain world affairs according to its own thinking and added that the vacuum naturally, needs to be filled.

Director Area Study Centre, Dr Parveen Shah speaking on the occasion said that rapid rise of China since 1990 has constituted a most dynamic development in East Asia. She said that rise of China as an economic